Sejarah Amerika dan Pemerintahan

koloni, wilayah jajahan

Virginia was the first permanent English colony in North America.

pemukim, pendatang yang menetap

Settlers moving west often traveled in covered wagons.

daerah perbatasan yang belum banyak dihuni

Life on the frontier was hard and often lonely.

Dalam sejarah Amerika, frontier merujuk ke batas wilayah barat yang terus bergeser.

perintis

Elizabeth Blackwell was a pioneer in medical education for women.

Bisa juga jadi verb: to pioneer a technique artinya merintis teknik baru.

kemerdekaan

The colonies declared their independence from Britain in 1776.

revolusi

The American Revolution began with battles at Lexington and Concord.

Di passage astronomi, revolution artinya satu putaran mengelilingi sesuatu, misalnya bumi mengelilingi matahari.

undang-undang dasar

The U.S. Constitution was signed in Philadelphia in 1787.

amandemen, perubahan resmi pada hukum

The Nineteenth Amendment gave women the right to vote.

badan pembuat undang-undang

Each state has its own legislature.

tingkat pemerintah pusat (federal)

The federal government is responsible for printing money.

mengesahkan secara resmi

Nine states had to ratify the Constitution before it could take effect.

Jangan ketuker dengan rectify (memperbaiki).

menghapuskan (hukum atau sistem)

The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.

perjanjian resmi antarnegara

The treaty ended years of war between the two nations.

wilayah

The Louisiana Purchase roughly doubled the territory of the United States.

memperoleh, mendapatkan

The United States acquired Alaska from Russia in 1867.

ekspedisi, perjalanan penjelajahan

Lewis and Clark led an expedition to the Pacific coast.

imigran, orang yang datang dari negara lain

Many immigrants arrived in New York through Ellis Island.

Immigrant itu masuk ke suatu negara, emigrant itu keluar dari negaranya. Ingat i untuk in.

era, zaman

The era after the Civil War is known as Reconstruction.

reformasi, perbaikan sistem

The reform movement of the early 1900s improved conditions in many factories.

undang-undang, peraturan hukum

Congress passed legislation to protect national parks.

memberlakukan (undang-undang)

The state enacted a law requiring children to attend school.

utusan, wakil

Delegates from twelve states attended the Constitutional Convention.

Sebagai verb, delegate artinya menyerahkan tugas ke orang lain.

wewenang, kekuasaan

The Constitution divides authority between the states and the national government.

warga sipil

Many civilians helped supply the army during the war.

kemakmuran

The 1920s were a decade of prosperity for many Americans.

depresi ekonomi, masa ekonomi lesu

The Great Depression began after the stock market crash of 1929.

Di passage geologi, depression bisa berarti cekungan tanah. Di psikologi, artinya gangguan suasana hati.

tonggak penting; bangunan penanda

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark in American history.

terkemuka, menonjol

Frederick Douglass was a prominent speaker against slavery.

pendiri

Benjamin Franklin was one of the founders of the University of Pennsylvania.

menyatukan

The transcontinental railroad helped unify the eastern and western parts of the country.